Service Measure

Service Measure The service measure for basic freeway segments is density. Density, is typically measured in terms of passenger cars per mile per lane (pc/mi/ln) and therefore provides a good measure of the relative mobility of individual vehicles in the traffic stream. A low traffic stream density gives individual vehicles the ability to change lanes and speeds with relative ease, while a high density makes it very difficult for individual vehicles to maneuver within the traffic stream. Thus, traffic density is the primary determinant of freeway LOS.

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q = uk (6.5)

where q = flow in veh/h, u = speed in mi/h, and k = density in veh/mi.

Density is therefore calculated as flow divided by speed. The following sections will describe how to arrive at flow and speed values for the given roadway and traffic conditions. Once the flow and speed values have been determined according to the given conditions, a density can be calculated and then referenced in Table 6.2 or Fig. 6.2 to arrive at a LOS for the freeway segment. Table 6.2 LOS Criteria for Basic Freeway Segments

Criterion LOS

A B C D E

FFS = 75 mi/h Maximum density (pc/mi/ln) 11 18 26 35 45 Average speed (mi/h) 75.0 73.9 68.3 60.9 53.3 Maximum v/c 0.34 0.55 0.74 0.89 1.00 Maximum flow rate (pc/h/ln) 825 1330 1775 2130 2400

FFS = 70 mi/h Maximum density (pc/mi/ln) 11 18 26 35 45 Average speed (mi/h) 70.0 70.0 66.7 60.4 53.3 Maximum v/c 0.32 0.53 0.72 0.88 1.00 Maximum flow rate (pc/h/ln) 770 1260 1735 2115 2400

FFS = 65 mi/h Maximum density (pc/mi/ln) 11 18 26 35 45 Average speed (mi/h) 65.0 65.0 64.0 58.9 52.2 Maximum v/c 0.30 0.50 0.71 0.88 1.00 Maximum flow rate (pc/h/ln) 715 1170 1665 2060 2350

FFS = 60 mi/h Maximum density (pc/mi/ln) 11 18 26 35 45 Average speed (mi/h) 60.0 60.0 60.0 57.1 51.1 Maximum v/c 0.29 0.47 0.68 0.87 1.00 Maximum flow rate (pc/h/ln) 660 1080 1560 2000 2300

FFS = 55 mi/h Maximum density (pc/mi/ln) 11 18 26 35 45 Average speed (mi/h) 55.0 55.0 55.0 54.7 50.0 Maximum v/c 0.27 0.44 0.64 0.85 1.00 Maximum flow rate (pc/h/ln) 605 990 1430 1915 2250

Note: Maximum flow rate values are rounded to the nearest 5 passenger cars.

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